The Daily Qubit

Monday, November 4th, 2024

Enjoy a nice cup of freshly brewed quantum news ☕️ 

Today’s issue includes:

• Error-mitigated quantum circuits on a 91-qubit superconducting processor simulates many-body quantum systems.

• Scientists propose using topological qubits on M5-branes—five-dimensional objects in string theory.

• A quantum processor that enables flexible, high-fidelity, all-to-all qubit connectivity through a central routing system.

• Plus, RF power sensor operating at cryogenic temperatures, improving runtime, and more.

And even more research, news, & events within quantum.

🎲 Simulating Quantum Chaos with Specialized Tensor Error Mitigation Method

APPLICATION: IBM Quantum, Algorithmiq, and others use error-mitigated quantum circuits on a 91-qubit superconducting processor to simulate many-body quantum systems.

SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding quantum chaos is understanding how quantum systems behave under complex, highly entangled conditions, where small changes can lead to unpredictable outcomes. This plays into fields like quantum information processing, entanglement generation, and error rates in quantum devices. Insights into quantum chaos also help in benchmarking quantum processors, designing quantum algorithms, and potentially uncovering new quantum phases of matter.

HOW: The study uses dual-unitary circuits—quantum circuits with two-qubit gates that maintain unitarity in both space and time—to simulate many-body quantum chaos on IBM's 91-qubit superconducting processor. Using Algorithmiq’s Tensor Network Error Mitigation (TEM) method, which counteracts noise without additional qubits, the team was able to obtain high-fidelity results in complex simulations previously inaccessible to classical methods.

🧵 Error-Resistant Quantum Computing with Stable Quantum States in Higher-Dimensional Physics

APPLICATION: Scientists from New York University Abu Dhabi propose using topological qubits on M5-branes—five-dimensional objects in string theory—in theoretical 11-dimensional supergravity that unifies gravity and quantum mechanics, by using fields with quantized magnetic flux to create stable quantum states and topological quantum gates.

SIGNIFICANCE: This approach to topological qubits leads to highly stable quantum states that are resistant to error, which is central to achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. By integrating topological gate design with homotopy theory—a mathematical study of shapes and spaces—theoretical physics moves closer to practical application in quantum computing, providing insights into building more resilient quantum processors and error-resistant algorithms.

HOW: Using the flux quantization of the C-field, a mathematical field associated with M-theory in 11-dimensional supergravity, the team stabilizes anyonic states on M5-branes, which become the topological qubits. They encode these states and potential gate operations through homotopically-typed programming languages, which natively represent topological transformations, simplifying the creation of resilient quantum gates in high-dimensional quantum computing.

💻️ Modular Quantum Processor with Dynamic All-to-All Qubit Connectivity for Scalable Computing

APPLICATION: Researchers from the University of Chicago and the Argonne National Laboratory have developed a modular quantum processor that enables flexible, high-fidelity, all-to-all qubit connectivity through a central routing system.

SIGNIFICANCE: The processor's ability to reconfigure qubit connections dynamically and maintain high gate fidelity is what lends it key properties for scaling quantum computing architectures. This design reduces complexity and resource demand compared to traditional multilayer or external wiring solutions, providing a way to implement error-correction schemes and multiqubit entanglement.

HOW: The device uses a central router connected to qubits on separate modular substrates, providing controlled-Z (CZ) gates between any qubit pairs with 96% average fidelity. Using SQUID-based switches, the processor activates only the desired qubit connections, creating multiqubit entangled states like GHZ states with fidelities up to 75%.

🧊 NPL and Keysight Technologies successfully demonstrated the world’s first commercial RF power sensor operating at cryogenic temperatures (as low as 3 Kelvin), providing the SI-traceable RF and microwave power measurements necessary for quantum and cryogenic applications. This research used Keysight's N8481S sensor, originally for room temperature, to perform precise measurements. Read more here.

🌙 Aqarios has launched Luna, a new quantum platform designed to bring quantum computing directly to businesses, needing specialized quantum expertise. Luna includes over 40 optimization scenarios, seamless access to quantum hardware through integrations like Amazon Braket and Q-CTRL, and flexible subscription plans for commercial, academic, and individual users. Read more here.

⏩️ Quantum Motion, in collaboration with Goldman Sachs, developed a method to break down complex quantum algorithms into parallel, smaller tasks, effectively improving runtime efficiency. Though it requires many qubits to operate simultaneously, has implications beyond finance, extending into chemistry and materials science by approximating Coulomb potentials and supporting quantum hardware development. Read more here.

💰️ Nacha’s Payments Innovation Alliance has published Protecting Payments in the Quantum Era: What You Need to Know, a guide outlining the basics of quantum computing, its potential applications in finance, and the cryptographic threats it poses to payment security. This free publication calls for immediate action to develop quantum-safe cryptographic solutions and prepares industry leaders for the upcoming shifts in digital security. Read more here.

LISTEN: 

In the most recent episode of the Quantum Divide podcast, host Dan Holme sits down with Lorenzo Leandro, a product solution specialist at Quantum Machines. They discuss his work on qubit control and single-photon sources using quantum dots for quantum computing and networking, highlighting advancements in quantum hardware and software aimed at accelerating computation.

WATCH:

Olivia discusses which problems are most suitable to solving on a quantum computer: